Rethinking Public Policy Concept

This article is the result of a reflection that I did when I was preparing my work for the completion of the course (CBT) on the concept of public policy. In the references on this subject are always authors who argue that only the state can make public policy, but they forget that who does the "state? There are ordinary citizens who contribute taxes, and those want to know how their money is being used for the common benefit. To help reflect the theoretical framework to help analyze the idea discussed in this article, authors will discuss the concept of public policy such as MEKSENAS (2002), Fernandes (2007), Souza (2006) among others that will help to understand the concept of public policy and its relationship to everyday citizens each. The Concept of POL? STICS public the concept of public policy is discussed in all areas of knowledge, however, is in the field of political science that wins a big highlight in theoretical discussions as shown SOUZA (2006 p. 45 ) in his article "Public Policies Revisão da uma literature?, shows an overview of how public policy is viewed by the academy, first as a budget balance between prescription and despesa, according to a new vision of the state where it leaves kenynesiana be a policy to be restricted to policy costs, and third is the relationship between developed and developing countries that began their road to democracy pray, in a particular Latin American countries still fail to manage well Equations public resources and assets for the benefit of its population, so include the excluded.

SOUZA (2006) says that public policy in fe are connected strongly to this state that determines how resources are used for the benefit of its citizens, where a synthesis of the leading theorists working in the area of ​​public policy related to institutions that give the last order, as the form of tax money should be accumulated and how this should be reversed, and in the end to provide public account of spending money for society. With a closer look at SOUZA (2006), Fernandes (2007) in his article "Public Policy: Definição, Brazilian case eo na Evolução social policy? defends the idea that public policies are expressed through two dimensions complement each other which is the technical administrative and political aspects as can be seen in the citation. "... Costume-das are thinking or public policy field characterized as administrative ou only technical, and assim livre, portanto do look 'political' dito properly speaking, which evidenced é mais na Eleitoral atividade party. This é uma meia Verdade, since this is in spite of technical-administrative amu to give public policy sphere tambem possuía uma uma political Dimensão time decision-making related to or processo?.

(Cf. Fernandes 2007 p. 203) strongly influenced by LOWI Fernandes (1972) before investing public money in a sector that may be of health or education the state before making that decision falls into three categories that are the regulatory, distributive and redistributive. It VERZ (2000) makes a different discussion on public policy, because the paths that post-mordern society is taking is inevitable. Globalization is a phenomenon that is predominant throughout the world is a path that has no back, but the way it manifests is excludente and generates various types of violence and today the greatest challenge of globalization is creating a policy of human solidarity general.

"O processo of globalização em as desenvolvimento ating all societies. (...) Tambem a consensus that a breeding globalização atual of exclusão desemprego and social-cause economic damage and Ambientais sociais. Desencadeia violence of all kinds. (...) It gives pressão ledge that raises baixo globalização to do Governo necessidade alternatives Direto contato com novas do you cidadão fazer exceeding or orthodox policy. Also Maneiro, a consciously organized cidadania necessitas contato raising and control mechanism estatais policy, democratization-as. Isso experiment novos demand outs of policy participação possível number of cidadão maior. Assim, um two challenge maiores E globalização discussão gives deep and uma ampla about human social policy gives global condição (cf. VERZ, 2000 p 84 -87). Even knowing that today is how globalization is manifested, but still believe in a change of thinking within the global capitalist system, where municipalities are important for that change in education. For it is within the scope of the municipalities that manifests the participation of citizens, they claimed improvement in their streets and help manage the resources of the municipality. "We all know that Greece is not constituted espaço, onde by primeiro found 'deliberating explicitly uma suas comunidade leis' (cf.

Castoriadis, C., 1986). Assim, a political na participação geral, breeding, history pela na primeira time, um espaço public. A Target pop um espaço espaço political means 'belongs to all'. Nessa (...) perspective, it is important to note that public espaço não tem or just to see com a decisive finais taken. (...) O reques tudo espaço public, when it is involved, complicated and driv finais as decisive, decisive enquanto all participants. Mais important final elaboração das leis, é or process of mobilização of Conversão and debate that seus comunidade achieved through for tries. (...) Such Instituição explicit, engenders autonomy: a comunidade PRODUZIR ea lei suas propria changes, when, de novo, peel discussão Aberta and democratic, as ou JüLGE necessidade of reformulações overcome. (Cf. VERZ, 2000 p. 120-121). VERZ (2000) says that to prepare future citizens to participate in the public space, it is necessary to encourage children in the period of his young age in schools to participate estudantil Gremio, and thus are creating conscious citizens who are concerned with the well being of your street. "À schooling as Instituição incumbent on socialização do know, da Ciência, provides technical and artistic extrude PRODUZIR Culturais and socially.

Seja matter politically engaged and able to interpret as deficiencies and Ansei and perspectives revealed stripping companies, effective educational ativity desenvolvendo or às atendimento sociais demands. (...) There is no point you aluno em Manter the classroom for years to fio, schooling is a negative lhe CAPACITIES getting to learn and follow a life aprendendo fora. A democratização and democratic Gestão enquanto da escola Servem processos MediaCenter that you asseguram effective pedagogical knowledge construção two life-numa indispensáveis ​​sociedade for complex, dynamic and Mudanças atravessada by incessant. (IDEM p. 180-181) Unlike VERZ (2000) who believes in a change to live in a capitalist system by creating an educational policy that begins with the municipalities is extended to the rest of the world as a global thought, however MEKSENAS (2002) says it is not possible to think of changing the capitalist system, because public policy is in truth a way that the state has to create new type of labor to sustain capitalism as best can be explored without form critical citizens for political participation. MEKSENAS (2002) influenced by a Marxist vision will mean that public policies are a mechanism used by the State to help the most excluded social advancement, but a mode used by capital to stay in power without the claim of the periphery of society.

As can be seen in the following section: "O Conceito public policy appears to be linked ao Desenvolvimento do Estado Relações às capitalist and esse of class. Nonsecular XX SAO policies as defined as um contraditório mechanism to guarantee visa à force de da da trabalho Reprodução. This aspect Organização do Estado da nas industriais societies, um Traduzir Equilíbrio não Relações between or capital nas trabalho eo?. (2002 p.77) MEKSENAS (2002) wants to show that the population is excluded from the decisions of the state using public resources for investment by large companies that often are multinational, and excluding the majority population, which should be the first beneficiaries of public resources. "Um outro contradict this aspect nas das Relações involves state policies do give classes exclusão instances Trabalhadores nas das Gerenciamento decisão and public policy and, to or no tempo more like this appeal to the demands dessa incorporação classes give two direitos extensão sociais na. This aspect fits or garantem receituário of measures to give Condic of governabilidade legitimidade present no state against Sociedade da whole year. Assim to state Intervenção meio das ocorre by public policy dispute arises complexa hair numa às related to contradict economic and policies?.

(MEKSENAS 2002 p 77 - 78) MEKSENAS (2002) shows how public policy from its origins are linked to capital and how it is used as a way to further increase its dominance and maintain control over the most excluded, maintaining an illusion This can futuriste upward mobility, which is not going to happen. For further discussion of his theory that public policy MEKSENAS (2002) will discuss his base above three authors who has the vision of the liberal capitalist system, such as John Locke, John Rawls and Nozisck saying that public policies are subordinated to the market , and across thinkers who defend the idea that there is a mutual determination between the market and public policy as Marx, Lenin and Luxemburg. Thus, the objective of public policy discussion is to reflect on how challenging that concept is used in politics as a "participatory budget? develop abusive tax false, and that is often not addressed for the benefit of the general population. But thinking about public policy as a calculation of the above, presides action, and to evaluate actions in light of all the citizens who pay taxes and they want to know about how their money is being spent.

Bibliographical references? Charts FERNANDES. Antonio Sergio Araujo. Public Policy: Brazilian case Definição eo na Evolução social policy. IN DANTAS, Humberto and JUNIOR, José Paulo M. (Orgs). Introdução à brasileira policy, São Paulo. Paulus. 2007. Lowi, Theodore. "Four Systems of Policy, and Choise?. Public Administration Review, 32 Review, 32: 298-310. 1972. MEKSENAS, Paulo. Cidadania, Power and Comunicação. São Paulo ed. Cortez, 2002. SOUZA, Celina. Public Policy: uma da Revisão literature. IN Sociologias No. 16. Junho / Dezembro 2006, p. 20-45. VERZ, Severino Batista. As Public Policy Educação Município not. Ijuí ed. UNIJU?, 2000